| Customization: | Available |
|---|---|
| Type: | Gear Pump |
| Transport Package: | Wooden Box |
|
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What is a Hydraulic Pump for Tractors?
A hydraulic pump is a mechanical device that creates fluid flow and pressure in a tractor's hydraulic system, allowing cylinders, motors, and valves to operate. It converts rotational energy (from the engine or PTO shaft) into hydraulic energy (pressure and flow).
Function:
Provides pressurized hydraulic fluid (usually oil) to drive components such as lift arms, buckets, or steering systems. For example, it drives a front loader to lift bales, or a three-point hitch to lift implements.
How it works:
The pump draws fluid from a reservoir, pressurizes it through internal mechanisms (such as gears, vanes, or pistons), and delivers it to the hydraulic circuit. Flow (gallons per minute, GPM) and pressure (PSI) determine performance.
Types of Tractor Hydraulic Pumps
Tractor hydraulic pumps are classified according to their internal mechanisms, and each pump is suitable for specific applications and performance requirements. The main types include:
1 Gear Pump
Description: Use meshing gears to discharge fluid, divided into external gear pumps and internal gear pumps.
External gear pump: Two identical gears rotate in opposite directions, trapping the fluid in the displacement chamber between the gear teeth and the housing. The flow rate per revolution is fixed.
Internal gear pump: The smaller gear (idler) rotates inside the larger gear (rotor), and when the gears mesh, it pushes the fluid under pressure. Provides smoother flow than external meshing designs.
Features:
Fixed displacement, providing constant flow regardless of pressure.
Simple and compact design with fewer moving parts.
Cost-effective and easy to maintain.
Commonly used in tractors with power up to 100 horsepower.
Performance: Typically 5-20 GPM at 1500-3000 PSI for medium pressure applications.
2 Vane Pumps
Description: Uses sliding vanes mounted on a rotor inside an eccentric housing to displace fluid. Fluid is trapped between the vanes and pushed out as the rotor rotates.
Features:
Low noise and vibration due to balanced design.
Available in fixed or variable displacement options.
Longer life and easier maintenance than gear pumps.
Suitable for medium pressure applications.
Performance: 5-30 GPM at 1000-2500 PSI, ideal for noise-sensitive environments such as small tractors.
3 Piston Pumps
Description: Uses reciprocating pistons in a cylinder block to displace fluid, available in axial or radial designs.
Axial Piston Pumps: Pistons move parallel to the drive shaft, common in high-pressure systems.
Radial Piston Pumps: Pistons radiate outward, used in specialized high-torque applications.
Features:
Variable displacement, flow can be adjusted according to demand, improving efficiency.
Highest energy efficiency and lowest heat generation of all pump types.
Complex design with many moving parts, requiring delicate maintenance.
For high-performance tractors (over 100 HP).
Performance: 10-40 GPM at 3000-6000 PSI, ideal for heavy-duty work such as large loaders.
4 PTO Driven Pumps
Description: Gear or piston pump (typically 540 or 1000 RPM) driven by the tractor's power take-off (PTO) and mounted externally via a three-point hitch or frame.
Features:
Separate hydraulic supply to avoid contamination of the tractor's internal systems.
High flow (e.g., 11.4-40 GPM) for auxiliary attachments such as snow blowers or wood splitters.
Requires oil tank (e.g., 20-25 gallons) and may require cooling for continuous use.
Pressure-compensating design provides consistent output at varying RPMs.
Performance: 12-40 GPM at 2250-3000 PSI, depending on PTO speed and pump size.
| Implement | Pump Type | Flow (L/min) | Pressure (bar) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front Loader | Gear | 25-40 | 180-200 |
| Backhoe | Piston | 40-60 | 250-300 |
| Sprayer | Vane | 15-25 | 120-150 |
| Planter | Gear | 10-20 | 100-120 |
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